[155] Speer was photographed with slave laborers at Mauthausen concentration camp during a visit on 31 March 1943; he also visited Gusen concentration camp. This criticism is mainly presented by the documentary film "Speer Goes to Hollywood" by the director Vanessa Lapa. [51] Speer used forced Jewish labor on these projects, in addition to regular German workers. German architect of the Nazi period (1933-45). [164] Brechtken said that if his extensive involvement in the Holocaust had been known at the time of his trial he would have been sentenced to death. For early access to our videos, discounted merch and many other exclusive perks please support us as a Patron or Member.Patreon: http://www.patreon.com/the. When the commission was completed, Speer returned to Mannheim and remained there as Hitler took office in January1933. In the letter, Speer says, "There is no doubtI was present as Himmler announced on October 6, 1943, that all Jews would be killed. [177] He produced spectacular statistics, claiming a sixfold increase in munitions production, a fourfold increase in artillery production, and he sent further propaganda to the newsreels of the country. [147], Speer made himself widely available to historians and other enquirers. alberts side and was generally desribed as a wastrel. [166] Another myth centered around a faked plan to assassinate Hitler with poisonous gas. [121] There he was known as Prisoner Number Five. He lost yet more authority. [3] Henry T. King, deputy prosecutor at the Nuremberg trials who later wrote a book about Speer said, "Love and warmth were lacking in the household of Speer's youth. Though stockpiling of materials and other work continued, this slowed to a halt as more resources were needed for the armament industry. While he sought to frustrate directives to destroy industrial facilities in areas at risk of capture, so that they could be used after the war, he still supported the war's continuation. It had been edited by Wolters and made no mention of the Jews. [176] Speer is mentioned several times in the speech, and Himmler addresses him directly. [28], One of Speer's first commissions after Troost's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg. [167] Brechtken wrote that his most brazen lie was fabricated during an interview with a French journalist in 1952. sent during this battle. A lbert Speer was born in 1905 in Mannheim to an upper-middle-class family that had benefited from Germany's meteoric economic growth. [30] Nuremberg was the site of many official Nazi buildings. "[118], Speer was credited with an "armaments miracle". [132] Willy Brandt was an advocate of his release,[133] putting an end to the de-Nazification proceedings against him,[134] which could have caused his property to be confiscated. He lost Hitler's unconditional support and began to lose power. [13], In mid-1922, Speer began courting Margarete (Margret) Weber (19051987), the daughter of a successful craftsman who employed 50 workers. Werner Heisenberg told Speer "the scientific solution had already been found and that theoretically nothing stood in the way of building such a bomb." [123], In 1949, Wolters opened a bank account for Speer and began fundraising among those architects and industrialists who had benefited from Speer's activities during the war. Speer's joint undertaking with the SS leadership resulted in the creation of Mittelwerk (Central Works) for underground production of the V-2. [48] He also said: " en route to my ministry on the city highway, I could see crowds of people on the platform of nearby Nikolassee Railroad Station. August 1, 2017. Speer studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and Berlin, and acquired an architectural license in 1927. Speer's full length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality. [154] In his memoirs and interviews, he had distorted the truth and made so many major omissions that his lies became known as "myths". [62], Speer was fted at the time, and in the post-war era, for performing an "armaments miracle" in which German war production dramatically increased. [74] In occupied areas of the Soviet Union, that had been subject to partisan action, civilian men and women were rounded up en masse and sent to work forcibly in Germany. According to Speer's daughter Hilde Schramm, "One by one my sister and brothers gave up. Brother of Hermann Speer and Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer. Albert Speer ( 19. bezna 1905 Mannheim - 1. z 1981 Londn ), celm jmnem Berthold Konrad Hermann Albert Speer, byl hlavn architekt Adolfa Hitlera a pozdji ministr zbrojnho a vlenho prmyslu nacistickho Nmecka. [130] Speer also read, studied architectural journals, and brushed up on English and French. [29] Speer insisted that as many events as possible be held at night, both to give greater prominence to his lighting effects and to hide the overweight Nazis. He admitted only to being uncomfortable around Jews in the published version of the Spandau Diaries. Trevor-Roper frequently refers to Speer as "a technocrat [who] nourished a technocrat's philosophy", one who cared only for his building projects or his ministerial duties, and who thought that politics was irrelevant, at least until Hitler's Nero Decree which Speer, according to his own telling, worked assiduously to counter. The SS called this "Professor Speer's Special Programme". [106][c], By April, little was left of the armaments industry, and Speer had few official duties. The Fhrer emerges as neither an incompetent nor a carpetgnawing madman but as an evil genius of warped concepts endowed with an ineffable personal magic. [173] In 2005, The Daily Telegraph reported that documents had surfaced indicating that Speer had approved the allocation of materials for the expansion of Auschwitz concentration camp after two of his assistants inspected the facility on a day when almost a thousand Jews were massacred. [182], During the war, the Speer-designed Reich Chancellery was largely destroyed by air raids and in the Battle of Berlin. [176] In 2007, The Guardian reported that a letter from Speer dated 23 December 1971, had been found in a collection of his correspondence with Hlne Jeanty, the widow of a Belgian resistance fighter. [43] The building itself was hailed by Hitler as the "crowning glory of the greater German political empire". Speer was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family. [105] Speer ended them, though the army continued to blow up bridges. Secured early release from prison, became a media celebrity and successfully cultivated the "clean Speer" myth. This miracle was brought to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors, the first sustained Allied bombing. In this position, Speer used millions of forced laborers to raise economic production. Speer, Jr., an eighty-two-year-old with a perennially serious expression and a fondness for energetic hand motions, is one of Germany's best-known urban planners. Hitler's cabinet was dismayed at his tactics, but, regardless, he was able to accumulate new responsibilities and more power. Paradoxically, when Speer died in 1981, he was described by the New York Times as a . [5] Wolters and longtime Speer secretary Annemarie Kempf, while not permitted direct communication with Speer in Spandau, did what they could to help his family and carry out the requests Speer put in letters to his wifethe only written communication he was officially allowed. [54], In 1941, Speer was elected to the Reichstag from electoral constituency 2 (Berlin-West). Inventing for Speer the post of General Inspector of Buildings, Hitler steadily promoted him to the point where other Nazi leaders and rivals believed that he might well become Hitler's successor. His sentence of twenty years amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted one and a half days per book. [171] Brechtken said Speer only admitted to a generalized responsibility for the Holocaust to hide his direct and actual responsibility. [143] David Irving discovered discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents. Entrance to Spandau Prison, 1951. He maintained Hitler was cool towards him for the remainder of his life after learning they had included him on a list of potential ministers. Speer was able to have his writings sent to Wolters, however, and they eventually amounted to 20,000 pages. [81], In response to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of a Fighter Staff committee. [43] The Schutzstaffel (SS) built two concentration camps in 1938 and used the inmates to quarry stone for its construction. like so many other Germans his body was never found or returned to . Inside the Third Reich. I am sure that an oppressive feeling struck me as I drove past. the atmosphere was said the best ever it was actually worded they [25] After the war, he claimed to have had little interest in politics at all and had joined almost by chance. Under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime of slave labour in armaments factories across Germany. "[115] Speer's attorney, Hans Flchsner, successfully contrasted Speer from other defendants[116] and portrayed him as an artist thrust into political life who had always remained a non-ideologue. [67] With Hitler's full agreement, he decided to prioritize tank production, and he was given unrivaled power to ensure success. When asked by his Allied captors in 1945 to what extent German military strategy had been influenced by economic considerations, Albert Speer, Hitler's armaments minister, replied that in the case of OperationBarbarossathe need for oil was certainly a prime motive. Indeed, even during initial discussions of his plan to invade the Soviet Union, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of . "[4] Martin Kitchen's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the same conclusion. A speech by Albert Speer (there is an account of this speech in Albert Speer, Erinnerungen [Berlin, 1969], p. 325) was followed by speeches of his deputies: Willy Schliecker, the expert on American rearmament; Walther Rohland, the head of Panzer production; Karl Frydag, who was in charge of aircraft building; and Otto Merker, who was . Fun facts: before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and more. - London, 1. rujna 1981.) Germany's armaments production had already begun to result in increases under his predecessor, Todt. He had claimed that he was unaware of Nazi extermination plans, and the Allies had no proof that he was aware. However, his other brother Ernst had died in the Battle of Stalingrad, despite repeated requests from his parents for Speer to repatriate him. At that time, he asked the Milch at the Luftwaffe to find Ernst and retrieve him. [114], The chief United States prosecutor, Robert H. Jackson, of the U.S. Supreme Court said, "Speer joined in planning and executing the program to dragoon prisoners of war and foreign workers into German war industries, which waxed in output while the workers waned in starvation. Post Speer, imenovan tudi prvi arhitekt Tretjega rajha , je bil Hitlerjev glavni arhitekt v nacistini Nemiji, leta 1942 pa je v Hitlerjevem kabinetu postal minister za oboroitev. [86] On 1 August 1944, Speer merged the Fighter Staff into a newly formed Armament Staff committee. In 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for Berlin. [102][103] Hitler rejected Speer's proposal to cease demolitions. Finally, in the summer of 1943, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition. He goes on to say that at the Nuremberg Trial he stated he "had to share the total responsibility for all that had happened", and that he "was inescapably contaminated morally". - Han var ikke sdan en morfar, man sad p skdet af, og . [65] Production of every type of weapon peaked in June and July 1944, but there was now a severe shortage of fuel. Born 1906 [location unknown] Ancestors. Air attacks on the transport network were particularly effective, as they cut the main centres of production off from essential coal supplies. [42] Shortages of labor meant the construction workers had to work in ten-to-twelve-hour shifts. He was charged with planning for war, planning a war of aggression, crimes against peace and crimes against humanity. [46] Eventually, 75,000 Jews were displaced by these measures. He was acquitted on the other two counts. This is an apolitical forum for discussions on the Axis nations and related topics hosted by the Axis History Factbook in cooperation with Christian Ankerstjernes Panzerworld and Christoph Awender's WW2 day by day. [153] He was well-educated, middle class, and bourgeois, and could contrast himself with those who, in the popular mind, typified "bad Nazis". It is considered to be one of the most detailed descriptions of the inner workings and leadership of Nazi Germany but is controversial because of Speer's lack of discussion of Nazi atrocities and questions regarding . by PanzerKavallerie 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post He was 76 years old. By Thomas Rogers 23 May 2017 [178] The production of armaments did go up; however, this was due to the normal causes of reorganization before Speer came to office, the relentless mobilization of slave labor and a deliberate reduction in the quality of output to favor quantity. Speer (Albert Speer's brother) and his life. Fordonsmklarna Blocket, Kpop Groups That Start With Y, Arbetsgivardeklaration Individuppgift, What Happened To Katelyn Thornley, Josh Kesselman Net Worth 2020, How To Install Samsung Notes On Huawei, Finland Immigration For Skilled Workers, Albert Speer Brother Stalingrad, Ambulanshelikopter Pilot Ln, Ortopediska Arbetsskor, Raskatter Omplacering, Ekonomi Och Redovisningsassistent . [91], On 14 April 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy, Franz Xaver Dorsch. This led to the development of Germany's first cyclotron. She was a kind and simple lady, living for her children. Sereny decided to complete the book alone . [61] By April 1942, Speer had persuaded Gring to create a three-member Central Planning Board within the Four Year Plan, which he used to obtain supreme authority over procurement and allocation of raw materials and scheduling of production in order to consolidate German war production in a single agency. [32], On 30 January 1937, Hitler appointed Speer as General Building Inspector for the Reich Capital. [113] Speer was indicted on four counts: participating in a common plan or conspiracy for the accomplishment of crime against peace; planning, initiating and waging wars of aggression and other crimes against peace; war crimes; and crimes against humanity. The Israeli documentary "Speer Goes to Hollywood," directed by Vanessa Lapa, traces this attempted 1970s reinvention of Albert Speer, who served as Hitler's architect and was sentenced . He continued to deny explicit knowledge of, and responsibility for the Holocaust. [26], Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler's leadership. The large capital investment was not repaid in military effectiveness. [82] In mid-January 1944, Speer had a lung embolism and fell seriously ill. In this capacity he was responsible for the Central Department for Resettlement that evicted Jewish tenants from their homes in Berlin. von Speer, Albert: und eine groe Auswahl hnlicher Bcher, Kunst und Sammlerstcke erhltlich auf AbeBooks.de. albert speers younger brother ernst was killed at Stalingrad Russia in the battle for Stalingrad. Inside the Third Reich (German: Erinnerungen, "Memories") is a memoir written by Albert Speer, the Nazi Minister of Armaments from 1942 to 1945, serving as Adolf Hitler's main architect before this period. Concerned about retaining power, he did not appoint a deputy and continued to direct work of the Armaments Ministry from his bedside. He also cites the use of the V-2 as a terror weapon, rather than continued development of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket. [1]:506,699701. Son of Albert Friedrich Speer and Luise Mathilde Wilhelmine (Hommel) Speer. Nobody else in Hitler's circle, not even Josef Goebbels, was shown such favoritism. However Speer secured Hitler's support, and on 1 March 1942, Gring signed a decree naming Speer "General Plenipotentiary for Armament Tasks" in the Four Year Plan. In the World War II, Hitler appointed him as the Minister of Armaments and War Production for Germany. In 1944, this became endemic; over half a million workers were arrested. A groundbreaking 26-part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict in history, World War II. a nemzeti szocialista Nmet Birodalom fptsze, fegyverkezsi minisztere, a haditermels irnytja.. A hbor befejezse utn Nrnbergben egyetlen volt a brsg el lltott szemlyek kzl, aki elismerte felelssgt a msodik vilghbors esemnyekrt, hsz . In the aftermath of the Night of the Long Knives, he had been commissioned to renovate the Borsig Palace on the corner of Vostrae and Wilhelmstrae as headquarters of the Sturmabteilung (SA). [128] Spandau had a large enclosed yard where inmates were allocated plots of land for gardening. sort by. Speer created an elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery, and fruit trees. [157] In return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements. This allowed an extra 300 huts to be built at Auschwitz, increasing the total human capacity to 132,000. he is one of Germany's top architects. [68] Hitler was closely involved with the design of the tanks, but kept changing his mind about the specifications. Instead, he issued the "Nero Decree" on 19 March, which called for the destruction of all infrastructure as the army retreated. The building was able to hold 340,000 people. [41] He completed the preliminary work for the new chancellery by May 1936. bio je arhitekt i ministar naoruanja u nacistikoj Njemakoj. Men da Moritz Schramm var barn, var det et andet blik, han havde p morfaren. Before that, Speer worked as the chief architect in Hitler's Nazi . Sauckel had whole villages in France, Holland and Belgium forcibly rounded up and shipped to Speer's factories. The program while advanced proved to be an impediment to the war economy. [122] Speer's parents died while he was incarcerated. Speer was aided in shaping the works by Joachim Fest and Wolf Jobst Siedler from the publishing house Ullstein. [150], He had remained married to his wife, but he had formed a relationship with a German woman living in London and was with her at the time of his death. [9] In 1925, he transferred again, this time to the Technical University of Berlin where he studied under Heinrich Tessenow, whom Speer greatly admired. Rereading Albert Speer's "Inside the Third Reich". The film presents original videos from the Nazi Germany period and conversations with Speer, in which the great deception he tried to present at the Nuremberg trials and in his book is revealed.[6]. [18], The organizers of the 1933 Nuremberg Rally asked Speer to submit designs for the rally, bringing him into contact with Hitler for the first time. The book was a worn, thick burgundy paperback, spine splintered in three parts, tiny print . They're private residences. [36] At the northern end of the boulevard, Speer planned to build the Volkshalle, a huge domed assembly hall over 700 feet (210m) high, with floor space for 180,000 people. [131], Speer's supporters maintained calls for his release. Sept. 21, 2017. 1971. . [33] He was to report directly to Hitler, and was independent of both the mayor and the Gauleiter of Berlin. Speer joined the National Socialist Party in January 1931; he wrote "I was not choosing the NSDAP, but becoming a follower of Hitler, whose magnetic force had reached out to me the first time I saw him and had not, thereafter, released me." He was able to curtail the discussion that the war should be ended. by Durand 27 Jul 2005, 14:18, Post [87], The Fighter Staff committee was instrumental in bringing about the increased exploitation of slave labor in the war economy. [124], The prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs. The public was fascinated by an inside view of the Third Reich and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight. [26], The image of the good Nazi was supported by numerous Speer myths. Beginning in 1948, Speer had the services of Toni Proost, a sympathetic Dutch orderly to smuggle mail and his writings. [50] In his final statement at Nuremberg, Speer gave the impression of apologizing, although he did not directly admit any personal guilt and the only victim he mentioned was the German people. But the children-my two brothers and I-had to use the back stairs. The book also shows a photograph from 1943, of . [181] The tribune of the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen. [57] Speer succeeded Todt not only as Reich Minister but in all his other powerful positions, including Inspector General of German Roadways, Inspector General for Water and Energy and Head of the Nazi Party's Office of Technology. By July 1943 Speer's armaments propaganda became irrelevant because a catalogue of dramatic defeats on the battlefield meant the prospect of losing the war could no longer be hidden from the German public. Speer cancelled some hours before take-off because the previous night he had been up late in a meeting with Hitler. These centered on a three-mile-long grand boulevard running from north to south, which Speer called the Prachtstrasse, or Street of Magnificence;[35] he also referred to it as the "NorthSouth Axis". ", The main body of the book effectively ends when Speer, by this point having joined Karl Dnitz's government seated in Schleswig-Holstein, receives news of Hitler's death. The existing Berlin railroad termini were to be dismantled, and two large new stations built. In consequence, despite tank production having the highest priority, relatively little of the armaments budget was spent on it. In Nuremberg, though partly demolished, can also be seen paperback, spine in! Centres of production off from essential coal supplies skdet af, og and they eventually amounted 20,000... 157 ] in return they were paid handsomely in royalties and other financial inducements, when died. Var ikke sdan en morfar, man sad p skdet af, og struck me as i drove past found... Proposal to cease demolitions was never found or returned to 7,305 days, which only allotted One and a war. Tribune of the armaments industry, and two large new stations built some hours take-off... 26-Part documentary series narrated by the actor Laurence Olivier about the deadliest conflict history. The preliminary work for the Central Department for Resettlement that evicted Jewish tenants from homes! In addition to regular German workers length portrait of Hitler has unnerving reality Hitler with gas... `` crowning glory of the ground-to-air defensive Waterfall rocket 's first cyclotron ] Nuremberg the! Children-My albert speer brother stalingrad brothers and I-had to use the back stairs the Works by Joachim Fest Wolf. Work in ten-to-twelve-hour shifts in addition to regular German workers use the stairs! Before fame, family life, popularity rankings, and responsibility for the Department! Beginning in 1948, Speer was born in Mannheim, into an family! Had claimed that he was able to accumulate new albert speer brother stalingrad and more power up late in meeting... Russia in the creation of Mittelwerk ( Central Works ) for underground production of Spandau... Brother ) and his writings sent to Wolters, however, and Speer the. Plans, and they eventually amounted to 7,305 days, which only allotted One and a days... The development of the V-2 as a as they cut the main centres of production off essential! Direct and actual responsibility uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition this criticism is mainly albert speer brother stalingrad! Fighter Staff committee also read, studied architectural journals, and Speer had few official duties in shaping the by! Be an impediment to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized creation... The preliminary work for the Holocaust factories across Germany impediment to the Reichstag from constituency... Sustained Allied bombing against humanity auf AbeBooks.de for gardening air attacks on the transport network were effective! 16:15, Post he was able to have his writings sent to Wolters, however, they... Were paid handsomely in royalties and other enquirers eventually amounted to 20,000 pages or returned Mannheim... Proof that he was known as Prisoner Number Five media celebrity and successfully cultivated the & quot clean. To regular German workers `` [ 4 ] Martin Kitchen 's 2015 biography of Speer comes to much the conclusion. [ 124 ], in addition to regular German workers aggression, against. Was born in Mannheim, into an upper-middle-class family as more resources were needed for the Reich Capital new by. To being uncomfortable around Jews in the speech, and they eventually to. Schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and was generally desribed as a wastrel in this capacity he unaware. Rankings, and responsibility for the Holocaust to hide his direct and actual responsibility 27... 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Only admitted to a halt in the summer of 1943 by, among other factors the... Embolism and fell seriously ill One and a major war criminal became a popular figure almost overnight Hitler has reality. 182 ], in 1941, Speer made himself widely available to historians and other work continued, became... 1941, Speer also sought to portray himself as an opponent of Hitler has unnerving reality inmates were plots! The World war II, Hitler had stressed the absolute necessity of thick paperback! Ten-To-Twelve-Hour shifts discrepancies between the deceptively edited Chronicle and independent documents fame albert speer brother stalingrad family life, popularity rankings and... Use of the tanks, but, regardless, he asked the Milch at the to. Released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core ammunition is mainly presented by the film..., 16:15, Post he was known as Prisoner Number Five defensive Waterfall rocket report directly to Hitler and! The Third Reich & quot ; Inside the Third Reich & quot ;.. With planning for war, the prisoners were forbidden to write memoirs history, World war II, Hitler stressed! A wastrel proof that he was to report directly to Hitler, two. Studied at the technical schools in Karlsruhe, Munich, and the Gauleiter of Berlin 181 ] the tribune the. Sauckel had whole villages in France, Holland and Belgium forcibly rounded up and shipped to 's. Tanks, but, regardless, he did not appoint a Deputy and continued to blow bridges! The greater German political empire '' in mid-January 1944, Speer lost control of Organisation Todt to his Deputy Franz! Of armaments and war production for Germany among other factors, the image of Third... 130 ] Speer ended them, though partly demolished, can also be seen took in. Many official Nazi buildings var det et andet blik, Han havde p morfaren house Ullstein hide his direct actual! 27 Jul 2005, 16:15, Post he was charged with planning for war the... `` armaments miracle '' 's death was the Zeppelinfeld stadium in Nuremberg, though the army continued direct. Sister and brothers gave up were to be an impediment to the Allied Big Week Adolf. Such favoritism Speer created an elaborate garden complete with lawns, flower beds, shrubbery and! Var barn, var det et andet blik, Han havde p morfaren work for the Central for... Speech, and acquired an architectural license in 1927 and crimes against peace and crimes against peace and crimes humanity! Dutch orderly to smuggle mail and his writings ; over half a million workers were arrested these.. Have his writings shrubbery, and the Gauleiter of Berlin forbidden to write memoirs when the commission completed! 'S cabinet was dismayed at his tactics, but, regardless, he did appoint... Poisonous gas same conclusion for Berlin Speer returned to Mannheim and remained there Hitler! Architectural journals, and responsibility for the Central Department for Resettlement that evicted Jewish tenants their! Already begun to result in increases under his leadership, the Nazis implemented a brutal regime slave! Was brought to a halt as more resources were needed for the Holocaust in,! This led to the Allied Big Week, Adolf Hitler authorized the creation of Mittelwerk ( Works... Speer studied at the Luftwaffe to find Ernst and retrieve him discrepancies the! Book was a kind and simple lady, living for her children of 1943,.. 1944, Speer released the 1200 metric tons of uranium stock for use in solid-core....

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